Housekeeping is the management and routine support activities of running and maintaining an organized physical institution occupied or used by people, like a house, ship, hospital, business or factory. The term may refer to cleaning, cooking, organization, shopping, and bill payment. The term is also used to refer to the money allocated for such use. These tasks may be performed by members of the household, or by persons hired for the purpose. In the United States, the term is associated with institutional housekeeping at hotels and resorts but may also refer to domestic housekeeping. Housekeeper broader role than a cleaner, who is focused only on the cleaning aspect. The term may also refer to the maintenance of computer storage systems, records, etc..

A housekeeper is a person employed to manage a household and the domestic staff. According to the 1861 Victorian era Mrs. Beeton's Book of Household Management, the housekeeper is second in command in the house and "except in large establishments, where there is a house steward, the housekeeper must consider herself as the immediate representative of her mistress".

Domestic housekeeping refers to housekeeping by or for private households, while institutional housekeeping for commercial and other institutions providing shelter or lodging, such as hotels, resorts, inns, boarding houses, dormitories, hospitals and prisons. Additional concepts include workplace housekeeping and industrial housekeeping, which are part of occupational health and safety processes.